Women According to the Bible
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prolegomena
- the purpose of this work is to record my thoughts and study concerning the subject of women in the family and ministry and to establish our church’s stance on the subject.
- the two primary positions on this subject, within evangelicalism, are the complementarian view and the egalitarian view. the complementarian view is that men and women are different both physically and nonphysically in their makeup as human persons and that these differences are intended to complement each other in human relationships and communities. the egalitarian views is that men and women may be different physically but internally are not different in any way and that such a makeup intends for men and women to function in any role they desire.
- I knowingly enter this discourse aware that there are a significant number of Godly men and women scholars1 on both sides of this issue. due to this fact, I believe this subject ought to be approached in much humility and much charity with a fervent commitment against dogmatism.2
- I also enter into this discourse with the craving intent to allow Scripture and reason to have the first and foremost authority subjugating to their final say whatever emotions, experiences, and presuppositions i may have or have ever had. to their final say it is my prayer that I would pour contempt on all my pride and
humbly bow my head before the holy instruction of God in heaven. on any issue the whole counsel of God’s Word ought to be both our goal and commitment.
- in light of the above statements, I would also like to add that I consider this issue adiaphora, a matter of non-essentialness. essential relativity3 is a misnomer4 in matters of doctrine. I consider matters of essentialness to strictly be matters pertaining to salvation. I believe that in all areas of non-essentialness that fellowship and instruction may and ought to take place within the unity we have as the body of Christ (sometimes the common quip “to agree to disagree” and love one another is also used to describe this friendship and bond that differing Christians may have). in addition, I believe areas of non-essentialness ought never to divide or disjoin believers in Christ, but we ought always to “Make every effort to keep the unity of the Spirit through the bond of peace (Eph 4:3).”
- the contour of this study appears first in the form of 37 reasons why I have been persuaded from a previous position of egalitarianism to a complementarian position, followed by 15 responses to the arguments/objections of the egalitarian position.
37 reasons for a complementarian position
1) a woman and a man both equally have the image of God stamped within their very beings. to be in the image [tselem] of God is to be like God and represent God morally (right/wrong), spiritually (we have an eternal spirit/soul), mentally (use of language and creativity), emotionally and relationally (fellowship with God and others). thus, God sees both woman and man equally in His sight (Gen 1:26-28; 5:1-2).
2) a woman and a man are intended to complement one another. “For this reason a man will leave his father and mother and be united to his wife, and they will become one flesh (Gen 2:24).” neither two men together, nor two women together can have a baby. being equal in God’s sight does not mean women and men have identical functions. a man cannot have a baby. a woman cannot urinate standing up. a man cannot breast feed. a woman cannot get an erection or produce sperm. in no way do these differences devalue either the man or the woman and neither sexes ought to ever feel that God regards them differently because there are some things that each can and cannot do.
3) within the functions of man and woman each have different responsibilities. the woman was commissioned to be a helper [ayzer] for the man (Gen 2:18).
4) God designed and intended some women to serve and function as a helper under the Levites in the doorway of the Tabernacle (Ex 38:8; 1 Sam 2:22).
6) God designed and intended women to serve and function as a helper in the role of a prophetesses for both women and men (Miriam - Ex 15:20; Deborah – Jdgs 6:4; Huldah – 2 K 22:14; 2 Chr 34:22; Anna Lk 2:36; Pentecost – Acts 2:17; Philip’s four daughters Acts 21:8-9; in the church – 1 Cor 11:5)
7) God designed and intends women to serve and function as a helper in the role of prayers for both women and men (Hannah - 1 Sam 1:9-2:10; Acts 1:14, 12:12; 1 Cor 11:4-5, 13).
8) God designed and intends women to serve and function as a helper in the role of song (Miriam – Ex 15:21; Deborah – Jdgs 5; the temple choir – 1 Chron 25:5-7; Neh 7:66-67; Virgin Mary Lk 1:46-55;)
9) God designed and intends women to serve and function as a helper exemplified by women that accompanied and served Jesus on His ministry tours (Lk 8:1-3; Matt 27:55; Mk 15:41).
10) God designed and intends women to serve and function as a helper in the role of evangelism and discipleship (Matt 28:19-20; Mk 16:15; Acts 1:8).
11) God designed and intends women to serve and function as a helper in the role of giving hospitality (Dorcas – Acts 9:36; Mary mother of Mark – Acts 12:12; Lydia – Acts 16:14-15; )
12) God designed and intends women to serve and function as a helper in the role of helping to explain the Word of God ( Priscilla with Aquila (Acts 18:26-28).
13) God designed and intends women to serve and function as a helper in the role of teaching younger women and children (Prov 1:8; 2 Tim 1:5 with 2 Tim 3:14-14; Tit 2:3-5).
14) God designed and intends women to serve and function as a helper in the role of service (Romans 16 [29 commended for service 10 women, no distinctions in service or status stated]; Euodia and Syntyche – Phil 4:2-3)
15) God designed and intends women to serve and function as a helper, exemplified by their giving of guidance to Israel (Deborah - Jdgs 4-5; Ruth 1-4;